Inhibitory Effects of Streblus asper Extract on Streptococcus mutans: A Potential Oral Care Solution

Abstract

This research explores the antimicrobial properties of Streblus asper (S. asper) against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), a primary contributor to dental caries. Traditional Thai medicine has recognized S. asper for oral health, prompting its evaluation as a natural oral care agent. Using a quantitative methodology, the study examines extracts from the plant's leaves, bark, and branches. Results demonstrate the leaf extract's superior inhibitory effect, significantly reducing bacterial survival rates to 25.55±1.26%, compared to bark and branch extracts with survival rates of 40.46±0.65% and 37.30±3.90%, respectively. Bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and tannins are identified as key contributors to antimicrobial activity, disrupting bacterial cellular processes. These findings highlight the potential of S. asper extracts in formulating natural oral care products like toothpaste and mouthwash. While the study establishes promising antibacterial efficacy, future research should focus on clinical trials, synergistic formulations, and long-term safety evaluations to ensure its viability as a sustainable alternative to synthetic antimicrobial agents.