Optimization of Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch in Regional Microgrids with Flexible Loads

Abstract

Low-carbon economic dispatch (LCED) is critical for transitioning power systems toward carbon neutrality. This paper explores the optimization of LCED in regional microgrids by integrating flexible load management strategies—load cutting, load shifting, load transfer, and demand response—alongside carbon trading mechanisms. A quantitative research approach is employed, utilizing data from microgrid projects between 2015 and 2023 to examine the relationships between flexible load strategies, operating costs, and emissions reduction. The findings confirm that load management strategies significantly enhance economic efficiency, cost savings, and sustainability. Additionally, the integration of carbon trading mechanisms further optimizes both environmental and economic performance. The study highlights the importance of strategic dispatch planning in microgrid sustainability and suggests future research directions focusing on broader financial instruments and regulatory frameworks