Improving the Wireless Communication Co-axial Feed Rectangular Patch Antenna on High Impedance Surface

Abstract

The increasing demands of wireless communication systems necessitate advancements in antenna technology to enhance performance metrics such as bandwidth, gain, and directivity. Microstrip patch antennas, known for their compact size and cost-effectiveness, suffer from limitations like narrow bandwidth, low gain, and surface wave interference. This study investigates the impact of incorporating a High Impedance Surface (HIS) as a reflecting ground plane to address these challenges. A quantitative approach is adopted, analyzing key parameters, including bandwidth, gain, surface wave suppression, and directivity, through experimental setups conducted from 2020 to 2023. The findings confirm that HIS significantly enhances bandwidth (by 20%), improves gain (by 15%), reduces surface waves (by 25%), and increases directivity (by 10%). Comparative analysis also reveals superior performance of HIS-based designs over conventional microstrip patch antennas. These results contribute to the advancement of wireless communication technology by demonstrating the effectiveness of HIS in optimizing antenna performance. Future research should explore diverse HIS configurations under varying environmental conditions to further refine antenna design strategies.